EDWARD

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: He was the second king of the Anglo-Saxons as this title was created by his father Alfred the Great.
• Relation to Me: 35 GGF
• Name: Edward the Elder
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 899 and 924; King of the Anglo-Saxons

Notes:

Edward is highly regarded by historians. According to Nick Higham: "Edward the Elder is perhaps the most neglected of English kings. He ruled an expanding realm for twenty-five years and arguably did as much as any other individual to construct a single, south-centred, Anglo-Saxon kingdom, yet posthumously his achivements have been all but forgotten." In the view of F. T. Wainwright: "Without detracting from the achievements of Alfred, it is well to remember that it was Edward who reconquered the Danish Midlands and gave England nearly a century of respite from serious Danish attacks.

Family/Spouse: EADGIFU. (daughter of SIGEHELM) was born about 901; died in 966. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: AELFFLAED. (daughter of Living) was born about 875; was buried . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 34 GGF
• Name: Called the Elder, the Deed-doer, the Just, or the Magnificent
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 27 Oct 939 and 26 May 946; King of the English

Notes:

Shortly after his proclamation as king, he had to face several military threats. King Olaf III Guthfrithson conquered Northumbria and invaded the Midlands; when Olaf died in 942, Edmund reconquered the Midlands.[2] In 943, Edmund became the god-father of King Olaf of York. In 944, Edmund was successful in reconquering Northumbria.[3] In the same year, his ally Olaf of York lost his throne and left for Dublin in Ireland. Olaf became the king of Dublin as Amlaíb Cuarán and continued to be allied to his god-father. In 945, Edmund conquered Strathclyde but ceded the territory to King Malcolm I of Scotland in exchange for a treaty of mutual military support.[3] Edmund thus established a policy of safe borders and peaceful relationships with Scotland. During his reign, the revival of monasteries in England began.

Died at age 25 in a skirmish while attempting to defend his steward from a thief named Leofa.

Died:
Edmund was murdered by Leofa, an exiled thief, while attending St Augustine's Day mass in Pucklechurch (South Gloucestershire)

Family/Spouse: AELFGIFU. (daughter of Living) died in 944; was buried . [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 33 GGM
• Royalty & Nobility: Queen Consort of West Francia and Lotharingia

Family/Spouse: CHARLES, III. III (son of LUDWIG, Louis II and PARIS, Adelaide of) was born on 17 Sep 879 in Picardie, France; died on 7 Oct 929 in Péronne, Somme, Picardie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Some see Edgar's death as the beginning of the end of Anglo-Saxon England, followed as it was by three successful 11th century conquests — two Danish and one Norman.
• Relation to Me: 33 GGF
• Name: Edgar the Peaceful or the Peaceable
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 959 and 975; King of England

Notes:

Edgar was crowned at Bath and anointed with his wife Ælfthryth, setting a precedent for a coronation of a queen in England itself. Edgar's coronation did not happen until 973, in an imperial ceremony planned not as the initiation, but as the culmination of his reign (a move that must have taken a great deal of preliminary diplomacy). This service, devised by Dunstan himself and celebrated with a poem in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, forms the basis of the present-day British coronation ceremony.

Known as a reformer. Edgar oversaw realignment of county boundaries that woudl endure for more than 1000 years (until 1974) and also reformed weights and measures and the coinage.

Family/Spouse: AELFTHRYTH. (daughter of ORDGAR) was born in 945; died in 1000. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 34 GGF
• Royalty & Nobility: King of France
• Name: called d'Outremer or Transmarinus (both meaning "from overseas")

Family/Spouse: SAXONY, Gerberga of. Gerberga (daughter of FOWLER, Henry the and RINGELHEIM, Matilda of) was born in 913; died on 5 May 968. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Æthelred has been credited with the formation of a local investigative body made up of twelve thegns who were charged with publishing the names of any notorious or wicked men in their respective districts. Because the members of these bodies were under solemn oath to act in accordance with the law and their own good consciences, they have been seen by some legal historians as the prototype for the English Grand Jury.
• Relation to Me: 32 GGF
• Name: Æthelred the Unready, King Æthelred the II
• Royalty & Nobility: 18 Mar 978-1013, 1014-23 Apr 1016; King of the English

Notes:

Later perspectives of Æthelred have been less than flattering. Numerous legends and anecdotes have sprung up to explain his shortcomings, often elaborating abusively on his character and failures. One such anecdote is given by William of Malmesbury (lived c. 1080-c. 1143), who reports that Æthelred had defecated in the baptismal font as a child, which led St. Dunstan to prophesy that the English monarchy would be overthrown during his reign. This story is, however, a fabrication, and a similar story is told of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine Copronymus, another mediaeval monarch who was unpopular among certain of his subjects.

Efforts to rehabilitate Æthelred's reputation have gained momentum since about 1980. Chief among the rehabilitators has been Simon Keynes, who has often argued that our poor impression of Æthelred is almost entirely based upon after-the-fact accounts of, and later accretions to, the narrative of events during Æthelred's long and complex reign.

Family/Spouse: YORK, Elfgifu of. Elfgifu was born in 970; died in 1002. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

II married NORMANDY, Emma of in 1002. Emma (daughter of RICHARD, I and Living) was born in 985; died on 6 Mar 1052. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 33 GGM
• Royalty & Nobility: Queen of Burgundy

Family/Spouse: BURGANDY, Conrad I of. Conrad was born in 925 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died on 19 Oct 993 in Regensburg, Bayern, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 31 GGF
• Royalty & Nobility: Duke of Lower Lorraine

Family/Spouse: TROYES, Adelaide of. Adelaide (daughter of VERMANDOIS, Robert de and DE CHALON, Adelaide) was born in 955; died in 991. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]