SCOTLAND, Malcolm III of

Other Events and Attributes:

• Books About: Queen Hereafter: A Novel of Margaret of Scotland
• Differentiator: Malcolm appears in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth as Malcolm, and also as the anti-hero of its 2009-written (by Noah Lukeman), and historically very inaccurate, successor-play The Tragedy of Macbeth Part II.
• Relation to Me: 29 GGF
• Name: Canmore (ceann mòr) in Scottish Gaelic, "Great Chief"
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 1058 and 1093; King of the Scots

Notes:

Malcolm's long reign, lasting 35 years, preceded the beginning of the Scoto-Norman age. He is the historical equivalent of the character of the same name in Shakespeare's Macbeth.
Malcolm III fought a succession of wars against the Kingdom of England, which may have had as their goal the conquest of the English earldom of Northumbria. These wars did not result in any significant advances southwards. Malcolm's main achievement is to have continued a line which would rule Scotland for many years, although his role as "founder of a dynasty" has more to do with the propaganda of his youngest son David, and his descendants, than with any historical reality.

Family/Spouse: SCOTLAND, Margaret of. Margaret (daughter of EDWARD-AETHELING and AGATHA) was born in 1045 in Hungary; died on 16 Nov 1093 in Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. PRINCESS OF SCOTLAND, Matilda was born in 1088; died on 1 May 1118; was buried in May 1118.
2. SCOTLAND, King David I of was born in 1084; died on 24 May 1153.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: He is the historical basis of the "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's play Macbeth
• Relation to Me: 30 GGF
• Name: Donnchad mac Crinain (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain;[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 1034 and 1040; King of Scotland

Notes:

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or Tànaiste as the succession appears to have been uneventful.

I + Living. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Differentiator: Crínán of Dunkeld was the lay abbot of the monastery of Dunkeld, and perhaps the Mormaer of Atholl. Crínán was progenitor of the House of Dunkeld, the dynasty which would rule Scotland until the later 13th century. He was the son-in-law of one king, and the father of another.
• Relation to Me: 31 GGF
• Royalty & Nobility: Lay Abbott of Dunkeld; Father of the King of Scotland
• Web Address: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%ADn%C3%A1n_of_Dunkeld
• Web Address: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dunkeld-9

Notes:

While the title of Hereditary Lay Abbot was a feudal position that was often exercised in name only, Crinán does seem to have acted as Abbot in charge of the monastery in his time. He was thus a man of high position in both clerical and secular society.

The magnificent semi-ruined Dunkeld Cathedral, built in stages between 1260 and 1501, stands today on the grounds once occupied by the monastery. The Cathedral contains the only surviving remains of the previous monastic society: a course of red stone visible in the east choir wall that may have been re-used from an earlier building, and two stone ninth - or tenth-century cross-slabs in the Cathedral Museum.

In 1045, Crínán of Dunkeld rose in rebellion against Macbeth in support of his grandson, Malcolm III's claim to the throne.[3] Crínán was killed in a battle at Dunkeld.

Crínán married MACALPIN, Princess Bethóc about 1005. Bethóc (daughter of SCOTLAND, King Malcolm II of and Living) was born in 973 in Perthshire, Scotland; died on 15 Sep 1049 in Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 31 GGM
• Royalty & Nobility: Princess of Scotland
• Web Address: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/MacAlpin-33

Notes:

Bethóc was the eldest daughter of the Malcolm II of Scotland, who had no known surviving sons. She married Crínán, Abbot of Dunkeld. Their older son, Donnchad I, ascended to the throne of Scotland around 1034. Malcolm's youngest daughter married Sigurd Hlodvirsson, Earl of Orkney.[1] Early writers have asserted that Máel Coluim also designated Donnchad as his successor under the rules of tanistry because there were other possible claimants to the throne.

In this period, the Scottish throne still passed in Picto-Gaelic matrilineal fashion, from brother to brother, uncle to nephew, and cousin to cousin.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Relation to Me: 32 GGF
• Web Address: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_II_of_Scotland
• Web Address: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/MacAlpin-34
• Name: Máel Coluim mac Cináeda
• Royalty & Nobility: Between 1005 and 1034; King of the Scots

Notes:

To the Irish annals which recorded his death, Malcolm was ard rí Alban, High King of Scotland. In the same way that Brian Bóruma, High King of Ireland, was not the only king in Ireland, Malcolm was one of several kings within the geographical boundaries of modern Scotland: his fellow kings included the king of Strathclyde, who ruled much of the south-west, various Norse-Gael kings on the western coast and the Hebrides and, nearest and most dangerous rivals, the kings or Mormaers of Moray. To the south, in the Kingdom of England, the Earls of Bernicia and Northumbria, whose predecessors as kings of Northumbria had once ruled most of southern Scotland, still controlled large parts of the southeast. Malcolm demonstrated a rare ability to survive among early Scottish kings by reigning for twenty-nine years. He was a clever and ambitious man.

Died:
Possibly murdered in a hunting lodge at Glamis Castle

Malcolm + Living. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]